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- A Man Who Knew Too Much
- www.garethjones.org
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- Mother, Former Governess to Arthur Hughes’ family between 1889-92,
founder of Hughesovka (now Donetsk, Ukraine).
- Gareth, Born 1905 in Barry, South Wales; first taught by mother.
- Then by his father, Edgar Jones, Headmaster Barry County Grammar School;
- Before attaining exemplary linguistic qualifications…
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- 1922-26 – 1st Class Honours Degree in French & German from
Aberystwyth University, Wales.
- 1926 – Won Exhibition Scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge.
- 1927, 1928 & 1929 - College Prizeman – Plus Senior Scholar in
1928.
- 1929 – 1st Class Honours in German and Russian, with distinction
in Oral Examinations.
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- In 1929, Wall Street Crash sparks off World Economic Depression &
Unemployment .
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- In 1929, Wall Street Crash sparks off World Economic Depression &
Unemployment .
- Gareth is introduced, by family friend (the British Govt. Cabinet
Secretary) to Former Great World War One, British Prime Minister David
Lloyd George.
- Appointed Foreign Affairs Advisor to Elderly Lloyd George Jan 1st
1930.
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- Visits USSR for 1st time as the eyes & the ears of the
Lloyd George, but with an ‘open mind’ about Communism in
August 1930.
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- Visits USSR for 1st time as the eyes & the ears of the
Lloyd George, but with an ‘open mind’ about Communism in
August 1930.
- Makes unescorted visit to Ukraine as pilgrimage to City, where his
mother lived in the 1880s
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- Visits USSR for 1st time as the eyes & the ears of the
Lloyd George, but with an ‘open mind’ about Communism in
August 1930.
- Makes unescorted visit to Ukraine as pilgrimage to City, where his
mother lived in the 1880s
- Immediately upon leaving USSR, away from Soviet ‘prying
eyes’, Gareth writes candidly to his parents:
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My Dearest All,
Hurray! It is wonderful to be in Germany again, absolutely
wonderful.
Russia is in a very bad state; rotten, no food, only bread; oppression,
injustice, misery among the workers and 90% discontented. I saw some
very bad things, which made me mad to think that people like [the Webbs] go
there and come back, after having been led round by the nose and had enough
to eat, and say that Russia is a paradise. In the South there is talk
of a new revolution, but it will never come off,
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- “…foreign delegations [are] blissfully ignorant of the
hunger, discontent, opposition, and hatred.”
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- “…foreign delegations [are] blissfully ignorant of the
hunger, discontent, opposition, and hatred.”
- “…Donetz Basin [in Ukraine], where there has been a serious
breakdown in food supplies.”
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- “…foreign delegations [are] blissfully ignorant of the
hunger, discontent, opposition, and hatred.”
- “…Donetz Basin [in Ukraine], where there has been a serious
breakdown in food supplies.”
- A miner expressed …“Everybody is going away from the Donetz
Basin, because there is no food here. There is nothing in
Russia. The situation is terrible.”
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- “…foreign delegations [are] blissfully ignorant of the
hunger, discontent, opposition, and hatred.”
- “…Donetz Basin [in Ukraine], where there has been a serious
breakdown in food supplies.”
- A miner expressed …“Everybody is going away from the Donetz
Basin, because there is no food here. There is nothing in
Russia. The situation is terrible.”
- “The present food shortage was attributed by most Russians to two
causes – the agricultural revolution begun last year and the
absence of a free market... “It is all the fault of this
collectivisation, which the peasants hate. There is no meat,
nothing at all.”
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- Head-hunted from Lloyd George’s Secretariat to work for
world’s leading PR agency on Wall Street as their Soviet expert,
- Chaperoned 21-year old Jack Heinz’s [of Ketchup family fame] on a
month-long ‘unescorted’ visit to USSR in August 1931.
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- Afterwards, Heinz compiled a privately published &
‘Anonymously written’ book in spring 1932, entitled: “Experiences
of Russia – 1931 – A Diary”
- Compiled primarily from Gareth’s own diaries.
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- Afterwards, Heinz compiled a privately published &
‘Anonymously written’ book in spring 1932, entitled: “Experiences
of Russia – 1931 – A Diary”
- Compiled primarily from Gareth’s own diaries.
- Arguably, the first Western book to ‘honestly’ report the
onset of famine conditions within the Soviet Union, again citing
variations of the word ‘starve’ on half a dozen
occasions…
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- Gareth’s name signed the Foreword:
- “With knowledge of Russia and the Russian language, it was
possible to get off the beaten path, to talk with grimy workers and
rough peasants, as well as such leaders as Lenin’s widow and Karl
Radek [editor of Izvestiya].
- We slept on the bug-infested floors of peasants’ huts, shared
black bread and cabbage soup with the villagers - in short, got into
direct touch with the Russian people in their struggle for
existence.”
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- “On Friday, I had exceptionally interesting talks … with
Prof. Jules Menken (LSE) a very well known economist. He was
appalled with the prospects: what he had seen was the complete failure
of Marxism. He dreaded this winter, when he thought millions would
die of hunger.
- He had never seen such bungling & such breakdowns. What struck
him was the unfairness & the inequality. He had seen hungry
people one moment & the next moment he had lunched with Soviet
Commissars in the Kremlin with the best caviar, fish, game & the
most luxurious wines.”
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- Gareth immediately penned two articles for the Cardiff Western Mail
published on Oct 15 & 17, 1932 to highlight the tragic situation
entitled; “Will there be Soup?”
- In line with his Welsh Non-Conformist beliefs, Liberal & Pacifist
views; Gareth decided to make a trip to view the conditions firsthand
– otherwise it could be officially denied.
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- Gareth immediately penned two articles for the Cardiff Western Mail
published on Oct 15 & 17, 1932 to highlight the tragic situation
entitled; “Will there be Soup?”
- In line with his Welsh Non-Conformist beliefs, Liberal & Pacifist
views; Gareth decided to make a trip to view the conditions firsthand
– otherwise it could be officially denied.
- On 23 February 1933, Gareth became the first foreign reporter to fly
with Hitler, the then newly appointed German Chancellor (&
afterwards dining privately with Goebbels…)
- He prophetically wrote in the Cardiff Western Mail:
- “If this aeroplane should crash then the whole history of Europe
would be changed. For a few feet away sits Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of
Germany and leader of the most volcanic nationalist awakening which the
world has seen.”
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- “The first reliable report of the Russian famine was given to the
world by an ‘English’ journalist, a certain Gareth Jones, at
one time secretary to Lloyd George. Jones had a conscientious streak in
his make-up which took him on a secret journey into the Ukraine and a
brief walking tour through its countryside.
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- “The first reliable report of the Russian famine was given to the
world by an ‘English’ journalist, a certain Gareth Jones, at
one time secretary to Lloyd George. Jones had a conscientious streak in
his make-up which took him on a secret journey into the Ukraine and a
brief walking tour through its countryside.
- That same streak was to take him a few years later into the interior of
China during political disturbances, and was to cost him his life at the
hands of Chinese military bandits. An earnest and meticulous little man,
Gareth Jones was the sort who carries a note-book and unashamedly
records your words as you talk. Patiently he went from one correspondent
to the next, asking questions and writing down the answers...”
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- On emerging from Russia, Jones made a statement which, startling though
it sounded, was little more than a summary of what the correspondents
and foreign diplomats had told him. To protect us… he emphasized
his Ukrainian foray rather than our conversations as the chief source of
his information.
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- On emerging from Russia, Jones made a statement which, startling though
it sounded, was little more than a summary of what the correspondents
and foreign diplomats had told him. To protect us… he emphasized
his Ukrainian foray rather than our conversations as the chief source of
his information.
- In any case… with preparations under way for the [sabotage] trial
of the British [Metrovik] engineers, the need to remain on friendly
terms with the [Soviet press] censors … was for all of us [Moscow
Journalists] a compelling professional necessity.
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- On emerging from Russia, Jones made a statement which, startling though
it sounded, was little more than a summary of what the correspondents
and foreign diplomats had told him. To protect us… he emphasized
his Ukrainian foray rather than our conversations as the chief source of
his information.
- In any case… with preparations under way for the [sabotage] trial
of the British [Metrovik] engineers, the need to remain on friendly
terms with the [Soviet press] censors … was for all of us [Moscow
Journalists] a compelling professional necessity.
- Throwing down Jones was as unpleasant a chore as fell to any of us in
years of juggling facts to please dictatorial regimes, but throw him
down we did… Poor Gareth Jones must have been the most surprised human
being alive when the facts he so painstakingly garnered from our mouths
were snowed under by our denials.
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- “…there appears from a British source a big scare story in
the American press about famine in the Soviet Union, with
"thousands already dead and millions menaced by death and
starvation."
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- “…there appears from a British source a big scare story in
the American press about famine in the Soviet Union, with
"thousands already dead and millions menaced by death and
starvation."
- “Mr. Jones is a man of a keen and active mind, and he has taken
the trouble to learn Russian, which he speaks with considerable fluency,
but the writer thought Mr. Jones' judgment was somewhat hasty…
that he had made a forty-mile walk through villages in the neighborhood
of Kharkov and had found conditions sad.”
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- “…there appears from a British source a big scare story in
the American press about famine in the Soviet Union, with
"thousands already dead and millions menaced by death and
starvation."
- “Mr. Jones is a man of a keen and active mind, and he has taken
the trouble to learn Russian, which he speaks with considerable fluency,
but the writer thought Mr. Jones' judgment was somewhat hasty…
that he had made a forty-mile walk through villages in the neighborhood
of Kharkov and had found conditions sad.”
- “…There is no actual starvation or deaths from starvation,
but there is widespread mortality from diseases due to
malnutrition.”
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- …Journalists, on the other hand, are allowed to write, but the
censorship has turned them into masters of euphemism and
understatement. Hence they give “famine” the polite
name of “food shortage” and “starving to death”
is softened down to read as widespread mortality from diseases due to
malnutrition.”
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- …Journalists, on the other hand, are allowed to write, but the
censorship has turned them into masters of euphemism and
understatement. Hence they give “famine” the polite
name of “food shortage” and “starving to death”
is softened down to read as widespread mortality from diseases due to
malnutrition.”
- … May I in conclusion congratulate the Soviet Foreign Office on
its skill in concealing the true situation in the U.S.S.R.? Moscow
is not Russia, and the sight of well fed people there tends to hide the
real Russia.
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- Snubbed by Lloyd George (for using his name to give credence by
association to Gareth’s famine allegations) and also by London
Intelligentsia.
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- Snubbed by Lloyd George (for using his name to give credence by
association to Gareth’s famine allegations) and also by London
Intelligentsia.
- 1933-34 - Worked as local reporter for Cardiff Western Mail, initially
on stories relating to Welsh traditional arts & crafts.
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- June 1934 – Meets US Press Baron, Randolph Hearst at his Welsh
Castle, St. Donats, Cardiff – invited to meet again in St. Simeon,
California.
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- June 1934 – Meets US Press Baron, Randolph Hearst at his Welsh
Castle, St. Donats, Cardiff – invited to meet again in St. Simeon,
California.
- In Oct 1934 Gareth sets-off on ‘Round the World Fact-Finding
Tour’, intending to visit Japanese-occupied Manchuria.
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- June 1934 – Meets US Press Baron, Randolph Hearst at his Welsh
Castle, St. Donats, Cardiff – invited to meet again in St. Simeon,
California.
- In Oct 1934 Gareth sets-off on ‘Round the World Fact-Finding
Tour’, intending to visit Japanese-occupied Manchuria.
- Jan 1st 1935 – Personally commissioned by Hearst in
California, to repeat his 1933 famine observations; in series of 3
articles & given carte blanche to write some of the most vitriolic,
but heart-rending attacks on the Stalinist regime.
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- Marxist, Louis Fischer in a published ‘open’ letter to
Hearst in left-wing paper, The Nation, showed that:
- Walker’s photos were from different seasons.
- Some photos from 1921 famine.
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- Marxist, Louis Fischer in a published ‘open’ letter to
Hearst in left-wing paper, The Nation, showed that:
- Walker’s photos were from different seasons.
- Some photos from 1921 famine.
- Not only were all Walker’s photos & articles bogus…
Even Walker, himself turned out to be a fake!
- But whose fake was he? Hearst indeed had a reputation for not allowing
a good story get in the way of the facts. And even though some these
photos had been used (unchallenged) in the London Daily Express in
Autumn 1934, but perhaps consider this…
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- March 1935 – Fischer letter’s postscript also asked Hearst
to kindly provide a facsimile of Walker’s passport.
- June 1935 – Walker deported from UK to USA.
- July 1935 – On arrival in US, Walker re-arrested under real name
Robert Green – charged with passport fraud – then found to
be a 14-year escaped convict for forgery from Colorado jail.
- July 1935 – At trial, Walker claimed under cross-examination that
he had been expelled from USSR in 1930 for attempting to help
‘Whiteguardsman’ escape country.
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- How did Fisher know Walker was travelling on a false passport, three
months before his London arrest? Was he informed by the Soviets, who
also supplied him with Walker's ‘supposed’ 1934 USSR travel
dates? And, who tipped off
the British authorities?
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- How did Fisher know Walker was travelling on a false passport, three
months before his London arrest? Was he informed by the Soviets, who
also supplied him with Walker's ‘supposed’ 1934 USSR travel
dates? And, who tipped off
the British authorities?
- Would Walker dared to
visit USSR again in 1934,
after being expelled in 1930 for sake of just 5 Hearst articles?
Wasn’t Journalism a bit of a risky ‘public’ profession
for an escaped convict?
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- How did Fisher know Walker was travelling on a false passport, three
months before his London arrest? Was he informed by the Soviets, who
also supplied him with Walker's ‘supposed’ 1934 USSR travel
dates? And, who tipped off
the British authorities?
- Would Walker dared to
visit USSR again in 1934,
after being expelled in 1930 for sake of just 5 Hearst articles?
Wasn’t Journalism a bit of a risky ‘public’ profession
for an escaped convict?
- Though Hearst has been blamed (as it formed part of his undoubted 1935
anti-Red campaign) and regardless of Walker’s exact role, is it
not entirely impossible that the Soviet’s could have intentionally
supplied the fake story to Hearst, with the expressed intention of
allowing Fischer to easily discredit, soon after publication?
- However, Irrespective of who was responsible for the forgery…
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- Fischer’s letter combined with Walker’s subsequent
(re)arrest effectively for half a century …
- Helped destroy the credibility of the Western press’ allegations
of any Soviet famine occurring in the 1930s.
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- Fischer’s letter combined with Walker’s subsequent
(re)arrest effectively for half a century …
- Helped destroy the credibility of the Western press’ allegations
of any Soviet famine occurring in the 1930s.
- Furthermore, in 1933, when Gareth claimed millions were dying, Fischer
then scoffed: “Who counted them? How could anyone march through a
country count a million people?”
- But in 1935, without ever mentioning Gareth’s name or even
attacking his 1935 articles directly – Gareth’s
eyewitness observations of
1933 were not only tarnished by the same brush as Walker’s, but
were almost completely forgotten for nearly 70 years, but not quite...
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- One man who didn’t forget Gareth was George Orwell in Animal Farm,
[who based his Ukrainian famine chapter on Eugene Lyons’ book
‘Assignment in Utopia’, which he reviewed in 1938].
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- One man who didn’t forget Gareth was George Orwell in Animal Farm,
[who based his Ukrainian famine chapter on Eugene Lyons’ book
‘Assignment in Utopia’, which he reviewed in 1938].
- Remember Lyons: ‘Poor Gareth Jones must have been the most
surprised human being alive when the facts he so painstakingly garnered
from our mouths were snowed under by our denials.”
- Orwell wrote: “the human beings were inventing fresh lies about
Animal Farm. Once again it was being put about that all the animals were
dying of famine and disease .”
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- One man who didn’t forget Gareth was George Orwell in Animal Farm,
[who based his Ukrainian famine chapter on Eugene Lyons’ book
‘Assignment in Utopia’, which he reviewed in 1938].
- Remember Lyons: ‘Poor Gareth Jones must have been the most
surprised human being alive when the facts he so painstakingly garnered
from our mouths were snowed under by our denials.”
- Orwell wrote: “the human beings were inventing fresh lies about
Animal Farm. Once again it was being put about that all the animals were
dying of famine and disease .”
- Orwell also parodied Walter Duranty’s famine denial of; ‘There’s
No Starvation, but … Diseases Due to Malnutrition’
- Orwell wrote in AF: Nine [Ukrainian] hens had died of
coccidiosis’ [A
disease specific to chickens].
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- Spring 1935
- At the time of Walkers’ ‘bogus’ articles, Gareth was
effectively ‘incommunicado’ having embarked on fact-finding
mission of the Far East.
- After interviewing the Japanese Minister of War in Tokyo, he decided
to visit Inner Mongolia to investigate the Military Expansionism of the
Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo across Northern China…
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- German Company, Wostwag of Kalgan in North China, ‘kindly’
supplied vehicle for to make an extended trip into Inner Mongolia to
witness imminent Japanese territorial expansion.
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- Invited on trip by German Journalist, Dr Herbert Mueller.
- Gareth assured by Mueller; “Absolutely Safe, No Bandits”.
- After ‘unexpected’ kidnapping, Mueller unusually released
after two days as captive, and
- gave the only account of the episode, claiming the Japanese instigated
the kidnap by putting them on the wrong road.
- $8000 Ransom later rejected by bandits …
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- Invited on trip by German Journalist, Dr Herbert Mueller.
- Gareth assured by Mueller; “Absolutely Safe, No Bandits”.
- After ‘unexpected’ kidnapping, Mueller unusually released
after two days as captive, and
- gave the only account of the episode, claiming the Japanese instigated
the kidnap by putting them on the wrong road.
- $8000 Ransom later rejected by bandits …
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- London publication, The Week by Marxist, Claud Cockburn, claimed that
Dr. Mueller was released because of secret, though non-existent
Japanese-Nazi Pact.
- Foreign Office concluded after 500-page report; ‘No Foundation
Whatsoever’ of Japanese Involvement.
- Ultimately Gareth’s murder put down to the act of a miscreant
Chinese bandit’s bullet…
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- London publication, The Week by Marxist, Claud Cockburn, claimed that
Dr. Mueller was released because of secret, though non-existent
Japanese-Nazi Pact.
- Foreign Office concluded after 500-page report; ‘No Foundation
Whatsoever’ of Japanese Involvement.
- Ultimately Gareth’s murder put down to the act of a miscreant
Chinese bandit’s bullet…
- Not a single mention of Gareth’s Soviet ban or any of his famine
reporting in whole report.
- The Soviet Union were never once considered as possibly being culpable despite…
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- Dr Herbert Mueller, German journalist was:
- A known Soviet Comitern [Communist International] agent
- Secret British dossier on his Communist activities from 1917-1951
- Lived in the Soviet Consol at Hankow
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- Dr Herbert Mueller, German journalist was:
- A known Soviet Comitern [Communist International] agent
- Secret British dossier on his Communist activities from 1917-1951
- Lived in the Soviet Consol at Hankow
- Adams Purpiss of Wostwag, ‘The King of the Kalgan’, who gave
free transport, was:
- Head of a major covert arm of Soviet NKVD in China
- Allegedly, ‘de facto’ bankers and arms dealers to Chinese
Communist Party
- Deposited 50% of profits to Moscow & in 1937, $900,000 in NYC,
Chase Manhattan.
- According to US Intelligence he was; ’one of the shrewdest and
cleverest men in the Far East’.
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- Japanese implication (& embarrassment) with Gareth’s 1935
murder by Mueller’s articles effectively resulted in no further
territorial expansion until the ‘Rape of Nanking’ in 1937,
arguably the start of WWII.
- Allowing NKVD Wostwag not only to continue to covertly supply weapons to
[Chinese Communist leader] Mao on his ‘Long March’, but also
ease Soviet fears of a war
with Japan.
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- Japanese implication (& embarrassment) with Gareth’s 1935
murder by Mueller’s articles effectively resulted in no further
territorial expansion until the ‘Rape of Nanking’ in 1937,
arguably the start of WWII.
- Allowing NKVD Wostwag not only to continue to covertly supply weapons to
[Chinese Communist leader] Mao on his ‘Long March’, but also
ease Soviet fears of a war
with Japan.
- Why would ‘Shrewd’ Purpiss of Wostwag afford a free lift to
Gareth; a known enemy of the Bolsheviks?
- Gareth was a ‘loose cannon’; his liquidation by NKVD
operatives would certainly have pleased (and probably countenanced by)
former Chekist, Foreign Commissar Litvinov; previously & personally
incensed by Gareth’s affront to expose the Holodomor, during
delicate negotiations of diplomatic recognition with USA in 1933.
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- On Friday 16th August, upon hearing of Gareth’s murder,
Lloyd George commented in The London Evening Standard:
- “I was struck with horror when the news of poor Mr Gareth Jones
was conveyed to me. I was
uneasy about his fate from the moment I ascertained that when his
companion, Dr Herbert Müller, was released he was detained…
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- “That part of the world is a cauldron of conflicting intrigue and
one or other interests concerned probably knew that Mr Gareth Jones knew
too much of what was going on…”
- “He had a passion for finding out what was happening in foreign
lands wherever there was trouble, and in pursuit of his investigations
he shrank from no risk.”
- “…I had always been afraid that he would take one risk too
many. Nothing escaped his
observation, and he allowed no obstacle to turn from his course when he
thought that there was some fact, which he could obtain. “
- “He had the almost unfailing knack of getting at things that
mattered.”
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- Gareth’s diaries probably represent the only independent Western
verification of Stalin’s Ukrainian famine-genocide.
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- Gareth’s diaries probably represent the only independent Western
verification of Stalin’s Ukrainian famine-genocide.
- His Soviet articles were arguably the most accurate reporting of 5-year
plan – for which Soviets tried hard to suppress.
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- Gareth’s diaries probably represent the only independent Western
verification of Stalin’s Ukrainian famine-genocide.
- His Soviet articles were arguably the most accurate reporting of 5-year
plan – for which Soviets tried hard to suppress.
- With his murder, the only reliable western witness to the Holodomor had
been silenced…
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- Gareth’s diaries probably represent the only independent Western
verification of Stalin’s Ukrainian famine-genocide.
- His Soviet articles were arguably the most accurate reporting of 5-year
plan – for which Soviets tried hard to suppress.
- With his murder, the only reliable western witness to the Holodomor had
been silenced…
- He was probably the only Welsh victim of Stalin’s
‘Man-Made’ famine, but undoubtedly he was; a “Man Who
Knew Too Much”.
- And Finally a Thank You to …
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- Thank you to:
- The 75th Anniversary Ukrainian Holodomor-Genocide Committee
in Chicago;
- the Greater Chicago Area Ukrainian Religious Congregations
- & finally to the generosity of the sponsors;
- for the kind invitation & opportunity to speak to you today.
- about my great uncle,
- Gareth Richard Vaughn Jones.
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Notes
